Released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production (LSPA) shows that the national harvest of cereals, legumes and oilseeds should total 332,6 million tons in 2025. This is 13,6% or 39,9 million tons higher than the harvest obtained in 2024 (292,7 million tons). Compared to April, the estimate registered an increase of 1,3%, with an increase of 4,3 million tons.
The area to be harvested this year is expected to be 81,2 million hectares, which represents a growth of 2,7% (2,1 million hectares more) compared to the area harvested in 2024. Compared to the previous month, the area to be harvested showed an expansion of 146,3 thousand hectares (0,2%).
Mato Grosso leads as the largest national grain producer, with a share of 31,5%, followed by Paraná (13,5%), Goiás (11,6%), Rio Grande do Sul (9,7%), Mato Grosso do Sul (7,6%) and Minas Gerais (5,5%), which together accounted for 79,4% of the total. Regarding the shares of Brazilian regions, the panorama is as follows: Central-West (51,1%), South (25,3%), Southeast (8,9%), Northeast (8,4%) and North (6,3%).
The main positive highlights of the 2025 harvest in May are the estimates for soybean (165,2 million tons) and cotton (9,3 million tons) production. Rice, corn and soybeans represent 92,7% of the production estimate and are responsible for 87,9% of the harvested area. Compared to 2024, there were increases in the estimated production of upland seed cotton (4,5%), rice (15,9%), beans (4,6%), soybeans (13,9%), corn (14,1%, being 12,8% for corn 1st crop and 14,4% for corn 2nd crop), sorghum (9,0%) and wheat (6,6%).
Still compared to 2024, but with regard to the area to be harvested, there was a 4,7% growth in herbaceous cotton (in seed), 11,3% in paddy rice, 3,3% in soybeans, 3,2% in corn (a decline of 3,6% in 1st corn crop and growth of 5,1% in 2nd corn crop), and 5,7% in sorghum. On the other hand, the areas of beans (-4,7%) and wheat (-14,2%) showed reductions.
The estimate for the production of cereals, legumes and oilseeds in May showed a positive annual variation for all regions of the country: Central-West (17,5%), South (7,6%), Southeast (14,7%), Northeast (8,7%) and North (14,5%). As for the monthly variation, the North (3,2%), Southeast (1,0%) and Central-West (2,6%) showed increases. The South (-1,2%) and Northeast (-0,1%) showed declines.
